Which political and economic system advocates common ownership of resources, often maintained by the state through force?

• A. Communism
• B. Fascism
• C. Liberal democracy
• D. Capitalism

Answer: (A)

The concept being tested is how different political–economic systems handle ownership of resources and how the state can enforce that arrangement. Communism envisions common ownership of the means of production—land, factories, and resources—owned collectively rather than by individuals. The state typically directs what gets produced and how wealth is distributed, and in practice this often involved coercive power to maintain the system and suppress private property or dissent. That combination—collective ownership coupled with centralized enforcement—best matches the description.

Fascism, by contrast, allows private ownership but places the economy under state control and nationalist aims; liberal democracy centers on individual rights and private property within legal constraints and competitive markets; capitalism emphasizes private ownership and market-driven allocation with limited state coercion.